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eCos is a single process, multiple thread operating environment. As such,
memory management is not required. Memory management hardware may be used
on some platforms where it exists and is required for optimum performance.
For example, on PowerPC based platforms, memory management is used in order
to enable cache operations (which may not be possible on some PPC chips
if the MMU is off).
There is no notion of separate address "spaces" in eCos like there would
be in a system like Linux. All threads share the same address space and
access capabilities. Note though, that 3G Lab have done some experimental work to provide protected address spaces for the Intel StrongARM SA1110, which can be found at http://www.3glab.org/.
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eCos FAQ : 
What are the performance figures?